Country explorer: Uganda
EXPERIMENTAL
2024
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Overview
Uganda is a landlocked, low-income country in Africa with a medium-sized population. Its economy has grown stably in recent decades, and is based on agriculture, tourism and manufacturing.
Uganda has made significant progress in reducing its poverty rate in recent years.
Economy
Uganda's economy has witnessed steady growth in GDP per capita and a significant shift in population distribution across different poverty thresholds, coupled with manageable inflation and unemployment rates, reflecting broader socio-economic progress and development trends common among low-income countries in the region.
Demographics
Uganda has experienced significant demographic shifts characterized by a rapidly growing population, relatively high fertility rates despite a slight decrease, minor net migration losses, and improved life expectancy, mirroring trends common in low-income countries yet with notably higher fertility rates.
Basic needs
Uganda has made notable but gradual improvements in basic needs, such as access to electricity and safely managed drinking water, reflecting a positive trajectory common among its East African peers, albeit still facing significant challenges in sanitation and access to clean cooking fuels.
Human development
Uganda has experienced significant human development progress marked by an improvement in the Human Development Index, a dramatic reduction in child mortality rates, increases in literacy rates, and extended learning-adjusted years of schooling, reflective of broad advancements in health, education, and living standards similar to trends seen in its East African counterparts.
Environment & energy
Uganda has experienced a gradual decrease in per capita CO₂ emissions including land-use change, a steady increase in electricity production from renewable sources, and a slight decline in forest area, reflecting a nuanced balance between development and environmental conservation efforts, akin to trends in some of its East African neighbors.
Technology & innovation
Uganda has exhibited significant growth in technological adoption and innovation, as evidenced by increased internet usage, mobile phone subscriptions, and scientific output, reflecting a positive trajectory akin to its East African peers but with unique strides in mobile connectivity and research publications per capita.
Culture & society
Uganda has experienced a gradual decline in gender inequality and a consistent yet minor increase in self-reported life satisfaction, while maintaining a higher-than-average age dependency ratio compared to its regional peers, alongside a stable but low percentage of the population born abroad.
Governance
Uganda has experienced a decline in rule of law, political and civil liberties, and press freedom, reflecting a deterioration in governance quality that contrasts with improvements or varying degrees of stability seen in some of its East African peers.