Country explorer: Brazil

Brazil's economy has witnessed notable growth and improvement, with GDP per capita rising significantly, poverty thresholds shifting positively, a relatively stable unemployment rate despite fluctuations, and inflation rates that exhibit control relative to its regional peers, marking it as a nation experiencing socio-economic transformation while facing common challenges observed in upper-middle-income countries.

Brazil has experienced a significant demographic transformation characterized by a gradual decrease in fertility rates, a notable improvement in life expectancy, and varying patterns of net migration, reflecting both shared and distinct societal changes compared to its regional peers and upper-middle-income countries.

Brazil has shown significant improvements in basic needs, evidenced by increasing access to clean fuels for cooking, electricity, safely managed drinking water, and sanitation facilities, reflecting broader societal advancements and aligning Brazil with positive trends seen in other upper-middle-income countries.

Brazil has experienced notable human development progress, evidenced by improvements in the Human Development Index, a significant reduction in child mortality rates, an increase in literacy rates, and advancements in the average learning-adjusted years of schooling, distinguishing it as a nation striving toward enhanced educational and health outcomes in line with its upper-middle-income peers.

Brazil has showcased a distinctive commitment to renewable energy expansion, especially in bioenergy, wind, and solar power, while facing challenges in managing CO₂ emissions and forest area reduction, highlighting a complex balance between environmental preservation and energy needs.

Brazil has demonstrated notable progress in technology and innovation by significantly increasing internet usage, mobile phone subscriptions, investment in research and development as a share of GDP, and scientific and technical publications, showcasing a concerted national effort to integrate into the global digital and knowledge economies, in line with trends observed in upper-middle-income countries.

Brazil has experienced a gradual reduction in gender inequality and age dependency ratios, a slightly increasing share of the population born in another country, alongside stable but relatively high self-reported life satisfaction, signaling a society that is steadily progressing in key aspects of well-being and inclusiveness while maintaining a positive outlook on life.

Brazil has faced notable fluctuations in governance indicators, showcasing a complex trajectory of both improvements and declines in the rule of law, corruption perception, political civil liberties, and press freedom, embodying both unique national challenges and common trends seen across upper-middle-income countries.