Country explorer: Armenia
EXPERIMENTAL
2024
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Overview
Armenia is a mountainous, upper-middle-income country in Central Asia with a small population. Its economy has grown very rapidly in recent decades, and is based on agriculture, mining and textile industry.
Armenia boasts the world's oldest winery, Areni-1, dating back to 4100 BC.
Economy
Armenia has shown resilient economic growth with a significant increase in GDP per capita despite facing challenges like fluctuating unemployment rates and inflation, aligning its development trajectory with many of its upper-middle-income peers but standing out through its capability to manage and adapt to economic adversities.
Demographics
Armenia has experienced a significant decline in population due to net migration outflows and low fertility rates, despite improvements in life expectancy, mirroring broader demographic challenges common among Eastern European countries.
Basic needs
Armenia has shown significant improvement in basic needs, including remarkable progress in access to clean cooking fuels and electricity, exhibiting a stronger performance in these areas compared to many of its peers, while facing challenges in safely managed drinking water and sanitation facilities, which reflect broader trends observed in upper-middle-income countries.
Human development
Armenia has demonstrated significant human development through consistent improvements in education, health, and living standards, mirroring trends seen in other upper-middle-income countries yet distinguished by its higher literacy rates and notable progress in reducing child mortality.
Environment & energy
Armenia has seen a slight decrease in forest area and per capita renewable freshwater resources, alongside increases in per capita CO2 emissions and a significant growth in electricity production from renewable sources, reflecting a gradual but notable shift towards energy diversification amid environmental challenges.
Technology & innovation
Armenia has experienced significant technological and innovative growth, reflected in its consistently increasing internet usage, mobile phone subscriptions, research and development spending, and scientific publications, which mirrors broader trends seen in upper-middle-income countries but with a distinctive acceleration in scientific output per capita compared to its regional peers.
Culture & society
Armenia has seen a significant reduction in gender inequality and improvements in life satisfaction amid fluctuating migration trends and a slightly increasing dependency ratio, reflecting gradual societal progress while sharing common demographic challenges with its regional peers.
Governance
Armenia has demonstrated significant progress in governance, with marked improvements in the rule of law, reduction in corruption perceptions, enhancement of political civil liberties, and strides towards greater press freedom, highlighting a unique and positive trajectory among its regional peers and upper-middle-income countries.